Cite this paper:
LIU Qian, XIE Xiaohui, SHANG Xiaodong, CHEN Guiying. Coherent and incoherent internal tides in the southern South China Sea[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2016, 34(6): 1374-1382

Coherent and incoherent internal tides in the southern South China Sea

LIU Qian1,2, XIE Xiaohui1, SHANG Xiaodong1, CHEN Guiying1
1 State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;
2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Abstract:
Coherent and incoherent internal tides (CITs and ICITs) in the southern South China Sea were investigated from two sets of 18-month mooring current records. The CITs were mainly composed of diurnal Q1, O1, P1 and K1 and semidiurnal M2. The observed diurnal internal tides (ITs) were more coherent than the semidiurnal constituents. Coherent diurnal variance accounted for approximately 58% of the diurnal motion, whereas semidiurnal tides contained a much smaller fraction (35%) of coherent motion. The ICITs mainly consisted of motion at non-tidal harmonic frequencies around the tidal frequency, and showed clear intermittency. The modal decomposition of CITs and ICITs showed that CITs were dominated by mode-1, whereas mode-1 and higher modes in ICITs signals showed comparable amplitudes. CITs and ICITs accounted for approximately 64% and 36% of the total kinetic energy of internal tides, respectively.
Key words:    internal tides|coherent|incoherent|kinetic energy|South China Sea   
Received: 2015-06-04   Revised: 2015-08-29
Tools
PDF (1912 KB) Free
Print this page
Add to favorites
Email this article to others
Authors
Articles by LIU Qian
Articles by XIE Xiaohui
Articles by SHANG Xiaodong
Articles by CHEN Guiying
References:
Alford M H, Cronin M F, Klymak J M. 2012. Annual cycle and depth penetration of wind-generated near-inertial internal waves at Ocean Station Papa in the Northeast Pacific. J.Phys. Oceanogr., 42(6):889-909.
Alford M H, Zhao Z X. 2007. Global patterns of low-mode internal-wave propagation. Part I:Energy and energy flux.J. Phys. Oceanogr., 37(7):1 829-1 848.
Alford M H. 2003. Redistribution of energy available for ocean mixing by long-range propagation of internal waves. Nature, 423(6936):159-162.
Baines P G. 1982. On internal tide generation models. Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers, 29(3):307-338.
Chavanne C, Flament P, Luther D, Gurgel K W. 2010. The surface expression of semidiurnal internal tides near a strong source at Hawaii. Part II:Interactions with mesoscale currents. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 40(6):1 180-1 200.
Dronkers J J. 1964. Tidal Computations in Rivers and Coastal Waters. North Holland, Amsterdam.
Duda T F, Lynch J F, Irish J D, Beardsley R C, Ramp S R, Chiu C S, Tang T Y, Yang Y. J. 2004. Internal tide and nonlinear internal wave behavior at the continental slope in the northern South China Sea. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, 29(4):1 105-1 130.
Egbert G D, Bennett A F, Foreman M G G. 1994. TOPEX/Poseidon tides estimated using a global inverse model. J.Geophys. Res., 99(24):24 821-24 852.
Egbert G D, Erofeeva S. 2002. Efficient inverse modeling of barotropic ocean tides, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 19:183-204.
Eich M L, Merrifield M A, Alford M H. 2004. Structure and variability of semidiurnal internal tides in Mamala Bay, Hawaii. J. Geophys. Res., 109(C5):C05010.
Garrett C, Kunze E. 2007. Internal tide generation in the deep ocean. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech., 39(1):57-87.
Gill A E. 1982. Atmosphere-Ocean Dynamics. Academic Press, New York, USA.
Gonella J. 1972. A rotary-component method for analysing meteorological and oceanographic vector time series.Deep Sea Research and Oceanographic Abstracts, 19(12):833-846.
Jan S, Chern C S, Wang J, Chao S Y. 2007. Generation of diurnal K1 internal tide in the Luzon Strait and its influence on surface tide in the South China Sea. J. Geophys. Res., 112(C6):C06019.
Lee I H, Wang Y H, Yang Y, Wang D P. 2012. Temporal variability of internal tides in the northeast South China Sea. J. Geophys. Res., 117(C2):C02013.
Nash J D, Alford M H, Kunze E. 2005. Estimating internal wave energy fluxes in the ocean. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 22(10):1 551-1 570.
Nash J D, Kunze E, Lee C M, Sanford T B. 2006. Structure of the baroclinic tide generated at Kaena Ridge, Hawaii. J.Phys. Oceanogr., 36(6):1 123-1 135.
Niwa Y, Hibiya T. 2004. Three-dimensional numerical simulation of M2 internal tides in the East China Sea. J.Geophys. Res., 109(C4):C04027.
Park J H, Andres M, Martin P J, Wimbush M, Watts D R. 2006.Second-mode internal tides in the East China Sea deduced from historical hydrocasts and a model. Geophys. Res.Lett., 33(5):L05602.
Park J H, Watts D R. 2006. Internal tides in the southwestern Japan/East Sea. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 36(1):22-34.
Rainville L, Pinkel R. 2006. Baroclinic energy flux at the Hawaiian Ridge:Observations from the R/P FLIP. J.Phys. Oceanogr., 36(6):1 104-1 122.
Shang X D, Liu Q, Xie X H, Chen G Y, Chen R Y. 2015., Characteristics and seasonal variability of internal tides in the southern South China Sea. Deep Sea Research Part I:Oceanographic Research Papers, 98:43-52.
St Laurent L, Garrett C. 2002. The role of internal tides in mixing the deep ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 32(10):2 882-2 899.
St Laurent L. 2008. Turbulent dissipation on the margins of the South China Sea. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35(23):L23615.
van Haren H. 2003. On the polarization of oscillatory currents in the Bay of Biscay. J. Geophys. Res., 108(C9):3290.
van Haren H. 2004. Incoherent internal tidal currents in the deep ocean. Ocean Dynamics, 54(1):66-76.
Wunsch C. 1975. Internal tides in the ocean. Rev. Geophys., 13(1):167-182.
Xie X H, Shang X D, Chen G Y. 2010. Nonlinear interactions among internal tidal waves in the northeastern South China Sea. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 28(5):996-1 001.
Xie X H, Shang X D, van Haren H, Chen G Y. 2013.Observations of enhanced nonlinear instability in the surface reflection of internal tides. Geophys. Res. Lett., 40(8):1 580-1 586.
Xu Z H, Yin B S, Hou Y J, Liu A K. 2014. Seasonal variability and north-south asymmetry of internal tides in the deep basin west of the Luzon Strait. J. Mar. Syst., 134:101-112.
Xu Z H, Yin B S, Hou Y J, Xu Y S. 2013. Variability of internal tides and near-inertial waves on the continental slope of the northwestern South China Sea. J. Geophys. Res., 118(1):197-211.
Zaron E D, Egbert G D. 2014. Time-variable refraction of the internal tide at the Hawaiian Ridge. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 44(2):538-557.
Zhao Z X, Alford M H, MacKinnon J A, Pinkel R. 2010. Longrange propagation of the semidiurnal internal tide from the Hawaiian Ridge. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 40(4):713-736.
Zilberman N V, Merrifield M A, Carter G S, Luther D S, Levine M D, Boyd T J. 2011. Incoherent nature of M2 internal tides at the Hawaiian Ridge. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 41(11):2 021-2 036.
Zu T T, Gan J P, Erofeeva S Y. 2008. Numerical study of the tide and tidal dynamics in the South China Sea. Deep Sea Research Part I:Oceanographic Research Papers, 55(2):137-154.
Copyright © Haiyang Xuebao