Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in spotted halibut <i>Verasper variegatus</i> at the embryonic and metamorphic stages -- Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2020,38(2):454-466

	Cite this paper:
	LI Zan, LIU Xiumei, DU Xinxin, ZHANG Kai, CHEN Yan, WANG Xubo, WANG Zhigang, YU Haiyang, ZHANG Quanqi. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in spotted halibut Verasper variegatus at the embryonic and metamorphic stages[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2020, 38(2): 454-466

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in spotted halibut Verasper variegatus at the embryonic and metamorphic stages

LI Zan^1,3, LIU Xiumei², DU Xinxin³, ZHANG Kai³, CHEN Yan³, WANG Xubo³, WANG Zhigang³, YU Haiyang³, ZHANG Quanqi³

1 School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China;
2 College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China;
3 Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China

Abstract:

As an aquatic fish, the spotted halibut Verasper variegatus is highly susceptible to bacterial and virus infections. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) as a cytokine could control the inflammatory responses. The functions of TNF-α in many species have been widely studied, particularly in mammals. However, little is known about the TNF-α functions in V. variegatus. We first cloned and sequenced the TNF-α gene in V. variegatus (VvTNF-α). The two conserved cysteine residues, transmembrane sequence, Thr-Leu motif, and TNF family signature, as well as the TA-rich motifs of its proteins related to inflammatory responses had high similarity to those of the other teleost and mammalian TNF-α. The phylogenetic analysis showed that VvTNF-α was consistent with TNF-α genes of other vertebrates. The VvTNF-α transcripts were extensively distributed in the peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs), spleen, and gill, indicating that the VvTNF-α had a role in immune function. Furthermore, treatment with pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) could induce a rapid and significant increase of VvTNF-α in the PBLs, which reveals that VvTNF-α does participate in the host immune responses against bacterial and viral pathogens. We found that VvTNF-α had an interesting expression pattern during metamorphosis, showing that the flatfish TNF-α may have some novel functions during specific developmental stages. In addition, the 3D structure prediction of VvTNF-α provided an indication of how it is likely to interact with other proteins. Therefore, VvTNF-α has multiple functions, and provides valuable information to explore novel functions of TNF-α.

Received: 2018-11-08 Revised: 2019-01-28

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Articles by DU Xinxin

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