Who is the “murderer” of the bloom in coastal waters of Fujian, China, in 2019? -- Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2020,38(3):722-732

	Cite this paper:
	CEN Jingyi, WANG Jianyan, HUANG Lifen, DING Guangmao, QI Yuzao, CAO Rongbo, CUI Lei, L� Songhui. Who is the “murderer” of the bloom in coastal waters of Fujian, China, in 2019?[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2020, 38(3): 722-732

Who is the “murderer” of the bloom in coastal waters of Fujian, China, in 2019?

CEN Jingyi^1,2, WANG Jianyan³, HUANG Lifen^1,2, DING Guangmao⁴, QI Yuzao¹, CAO Rongbo^1,2, CUI Lei^1,2, L� Songhui^1,2

1 College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;
2 Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algae Blooms of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou 510632, China;
3 Department of Science Research, Beijing Museum of Natural History, Beijing 100050, China;
4 Fujian Fishery Resources Monitoring Center, Fuzhou 350003, China

Abstract:

On May 24-29, 2019, a bloom occurring in Pingtan coastal areas of Fujian Province caused mass mortality of cage-cultured fish (Plectorhinchus cinctus and Pagrosomus major). During the bloom, two major causative organisms were present: Prorocentrum donghaiense (at a concentration of 1.46×10⁷ cells/L) and an unknown naked dinoflagellate (4.58×10⁶ cells/L). The naked dinoflagellate was isolated and cultured in this study, and its morphological features were examined using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The large subunit (LSU) of the rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the naked dinoflagellate were also sequenced for field bloom samples and lab culture strains (PT-A and PT-B). On the basis of its morphological characteristics and molecular sequences, the unknown naked dinoflagellate was identified as Karlodinium digitatum. According to the phylogenetic analysis, the Karl. digitatum was most closely related to Karlodinium australe and Karlodinium armiger, and the three species clustered into a single clade of Karlodinium with bootstrap/posterior probability values of 95%/0.99 and 86%/0.99 inferred from LSU and ITS sequences, respectively. Karl. digitatum was first reported as Karenia digitata, a new harmful algal species bloomed in Hong Kong, China, in 1998. In present study, we gave a detailed morphological and phylogenetic description of Karl. digitatum and submitted the molecular sequences of this species to GenBank for the first time.

Key words: Karenia digitata|Karlodinium digitatum|harmful algal bloom|Ichthyotoxicity

Received: 2019-07-08 Revised: 2019-07-30

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Articles by CEN Jingyi

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