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KONG Fanzhou, XU Zijun, YU Rencheng, YUAN Yongquan, ZHOU Mingjiang. Distribution patterns of phytoplankton in the Changjiang River estuary and adjacent waters in spring 2009[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2016, 34(5): 902-914 |
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Distribution patterns of phytoplankton in the Changjiang River estuary and adjacent waters in spring 2009 |
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| KONG Fanzhou1,2, XU Zijun3, YU Rencheng1,2, YUAN Yongquan1,2, ZHOU Mingjiang1 |
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1 Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;
2 Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China;
3 North China Sea Monitoring Centre, Qingdao 266033, China |
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| Abstract: |
| The Changjiang River estuary and adjacent waters are one of the most notable regions for red tides/harmful algal blooms in China's coastal waters. In this study, phytoplankton samples were collected and analyzed during the outbreak stage of red tides in May 2009. It was found that dinoflagellates, Prorocentrum donghaiense and Karenia mikimotoi, and diatoms, Skeletonema spp. and Paralia sulcata, were the major taxa dominating the phytoplankton community. Cluster analysis, non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) was conducted on a data matrix including taxa composition and cell abundance of the phytoplankton samples. The analyses categorized the samples into three groups at a similarity level of 30%. Group I was characterized by estuarine diatoms and distributed mainly in the highly turbid estuarine region. Group Ⅱ, which was dominated by the diatom Skeletonema spp. and represented the red tide of Skeletonema spp., was situated around Group I in the sea area west of 122°50'E. Group Ⅲ was characterized by a high proportion of dinoflagellates and was found further offshore compared with Groups I and Ⅱ. Group Ⅲ was further divided into two subgroups (Ⅲ-S1 and Ⅲ-S2) at a similarity level of 40%. Group Ⅲ-S1 was characterized by the presence of the benthic diatom P. sulcata, representing phytoplankton samples collected either from the bottom or from the sea area affected by upwelling. Group Ⅲ-S2 was dominated by dinoflagellates and represented red tides formed by P. donghaiense and K. mikimotoi. A gradual change of red-tide causative species was observed from the estuary to the offshore sea area, from diatoms to armored dinoflagellates and then unarmored dinoflagellates. Environmental factors associated with each group, and thus affecting the distribution of phytoplankton and red tides, are discussed. |
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| Key words:
phytoplankton|cluster analysis|red tide|distribution|Changjiang River estuary
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| Received: 2014-08-01 Revised: 2014-10-02 |
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