Cite this paper:
ZHOU Shun, REN Yichao, Christopher M. PEARCE, DONG Shuanglin, TIAN Xiangli, GAO Qinfeng, WANG Fang. Ecological effects of co-culturing the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus with the Chinese white shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis in an earthen pond[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2017, 35(1): 122-131

Ecological effects of co-culturing the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus with the Chinese white shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis in an earthen pond

ZHOU Shun1,3, REN Yichao1,3, Christopher M. PEARCE2, DONG Shuanglin1, TIAN Xiangli1, GAO Qinfeng1, WANG Fang1
1 Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China;
2 Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, British Columbia, V9T 6N7, Canada;
3 Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
Abstract:
Using net enclosures in an earthen pond, we established three culture treatments with the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus and the Chinese white shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis: monoculture of sea cucumbers (C), monoculture of shrimp (S), and co-culture of the two species (CS). We measured levels of suspended particulate matter in the water column; total organic matter, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and carbon/nitrogen ratios in both settling particles and the sediment; and chlorophyll a levels in the sediment. We then compared these variables between the three treatments. We also examined growth, survival, and yield of the two species in the different treatments. From June to September, the mean monthly suspended particulate matter sedimentation rates in the CS and S treatments were significantly (P<0.05) greater than those in the C treatment. From August to November, the mean monthly total organic matter, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and chlorophyll a contents in the sediment in the CS and S treatments were significantly (P<0.05) greater than those in the C treatment. Final wet weight, specific growth rate, survival rate, and total yield of sea cucumbers in co-culture were all significantly greater than those of sea cucumbers in monoculture. There were no significant differences among any of these variables for shrimp reared in the two systems. The bioturbation of the sediment and fecal production of the shrimp likely supplied natural food for the sea cucumbers. Co-culture of the two species is a viable option for increasing yield per unit area, maximizing use of the water body, and diversifying crop production.
Key words:    Apostichopus japonicus|co-culture|Fenneropenaeus chinensis|sea cucumber|sediment|sedimentation   
Received: 2015-06-23   Revised: 2015-08-20
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Articles by ZHOU Shun
Articles by REN Yichao
Articles by Christopher M. PEARCE
Articles by DONG Shuanglin
Articles by TIAN Xiangli
Articles by GAO Qinfeng
Articles by WANG Fang
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