Identification and characterization of endosymbiosis-related immune genes in deep-sea mussels <i>Gigantidas platifrons</i> -- Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2020,38(4):1292-1303

	Cite this paper:
	LI Mengna, CHEN Hao, WANG Minxiao, ZHONG Zhaoshan, ZHOU Li, LI Chaolun. Identification and characterization of endosymbiosis-related immune genes in deep-sea mussels Gigantidas platifrons[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2020, 38(4): 1292-1303

Identification and characterization of endosymbiosis-related immune genes in deep-sea mussels Gigantidas platifrons

LI Mengna^1,4, CHEN Hao^1,2,3, WANG Minxiao^1,2,3, ZHONG Zhaoshan^1,4, ZHOU Li^1,2,3, LI Chaolun^1,2,3,4

1 Center of Deep Sea Research and Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology & Environmental Sciences (CODR and KLMEES), Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;
2 Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China;
3 Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;
4 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Abstract:

Deep-sea mussels of the subfamily Bathymodiolinae are common and numerically dominant species widely distributed in cold seeps and hydrothermal vents. During long-time evolution, deep-sea mussels have evolved to be well adapted to the local environment of cold seeps and hydrothermal vents by various ways, especially by establishing endosymbiosis with chemotrophic bacteria. However, biological processes underlying the establishment and maintenance of symbiosis between host mussels and symbionts are largely unclear. In the present study, Gigantidas platifrons genes possibly involved in the symbiosis with methane oxidation symbionts were identified and characterized by Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) pull-down and in situ hybridization. Five immune related proteins including Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), integrin, vacuolar sorting protein (VSP), matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1), and leucine-rich repeat (LRR-1) were identified by LPS pull-down assay. These five proteins were all conserved in either molecular sequences or functional domains and known to be key molecules in host immune recognition, phagocytosis, and lysosome-mediated digestion. Furthermore, in situ hybridization of LRR-1, TLR2 and VSP genes was conducted to investigate their expression patterns in gill tissues of G. platifrons. Consequently, LRR-1, TLR2, and VSP genes were found expressed exclusively in the bacteriocytes of G. platifrons. Therefore, it was suggested that TLR2, integrin, VSP, MMP1, and LRR-1 might be crucial molecules in the symbiosis between G. platifrons and methane oxidation bacteria by participating in symbiosis-related immune processes.

Received: 2020-01-17 Revised: 2020-03-27

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