Cite this paper:
XU Kang, LIU Boqi, LIU Yu, WANG Weiqiang, HE Zhuoqi. Effects of monsoon onset vortex on heat budget in the mixed layer of the Bay of Bengal[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2020, 38(6): 1616-1631

Effects of monsoon onset vortex on heat budget in the mixed layer of the Bay of Bengal

XU Kang1,2,3, LIU Boqi4, LIU Yu5,6, WANG Weiqiang1,2,7, HE Zhuoqi1,2,8
1 State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;
2 Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China;
3 Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;
4 State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather and Institute of Climate System, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
5 Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, China;
6 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
7 Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China;
8 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
Abstract:
We investigated the effects of monsoon onset vortex (MOV) on the mixed layer heat budget in the Bay of Bengal (BOB) in spring 2003 using the reanalysis datasets. The results suggest that the solar radiation flux penetrating the mixed layer and the existence of barrier layer are both able to modulate the effects of MOV on the evolution of sea surface temperature (SST) in the BOB. Prior to the formation of BOB MOV, the local SST raised quickly due to mass of solar radiation reaching the sea surface under the clear-sky condition. Meanwhile, since the mixed layer was shallow before the onset of the Asian summer monsoon (ASM), some solar radiation flux could penetrate to directly heat the deeper water, which partly offset the warming effect of shortwave radiation. On the other hand, the in-situ SST started to cool due to the upwelling of cold water when the MOV generated over the BOB, along with the rapidly increased surface wind speed and its resultant deeper mixed layer. As the MOV developed and moved northward, the SST tended to decrease remarkably because of the strong upward surface latent heat flux over the BOB ascribed to the wind-evaporation mechanism. However, the MOV-related precipitation brought more fresh water into the upper ocean to produce a thicker barrier layer, whose thermal barrier effect damped the cooling effect of entrainment upwelling on the decrease tendency of the BOB SST. In other words, the thermal barrier effect could slow down the decreasing trend of the BOB SST even after the onset of ASM, which facilitated the further enhancement of the MOV.
Key words:    monsoon onset vortex (MOV)|Bay of Bengal|air-sea interaction|mixed layer depth|barrier layer thickness|heat budget analysis   
Received: 2019-03-11   Revised: 2019-07-19
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